When a data record contains only a single measurement per observation, this data is classified as what?

• A. Data set
• B. Descriptive statistics
• C. Univariate data
• D. Bivariate data

Answer: (C)

When each observation has only one measured variable, the data are univariate. That means every record contains a single value, like a person’s height or a daily temperature. If there were two measurements recorded for each observation, it would be bivariate data (two variables) or more variables would be multivariate. The other terms describe either the collection itself (a data set) or the methods used to summarize data (descriptive statistics), not the number of variables per observation. So the situation described matches univariate data precisely.